FNP-BC vs. FNP-C: Learn the Difference Between These Nurse Practitioner Certifications
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Key Takeaways
- Family nurse practitioners (FNP) must choose between FNP-C and FNP-BC certification in order to practice.
- FNP-C is geared for FNPs interested in direct patient care; FNP-BC includes a leadership and academic focus.
- FNP-C is cheaper, while FNP-BC offers broader renewal paths.
Every new family nurse practitioner (FNP) must earn certification to legally practice. However, new FNPs may feel confused about whether to pursue a board-certified (FNP-BC) or certified (FNP-C) credential.
This guide defines, compares, and contrasts FNP-BC and FNP-C certifications. Use our research to choose a pathway that aligns with your personal and professional goals.
Understanding Certifications in Healthcare
Each licensed clinician practicing medicine must graduate from an accredited program and pass one or more exams to demonstrate competency in specific areas. A large majority of states also require clinical certification in order to obtain licensure.
Nurse practitioners (NPs) specializing in family medicine are called FNPs. FNPs are required to take one of two certification exams:
- The FNP-BC, offered by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC)
- The FNP-C, offered by the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners Certification Board (AANPCB)
Both exams measure entry-level competency after FNP program completion and are offered by highly respected organizations. Their differences are slight but important to understand, as each credential can prepare you for different career paths.
What Is FNP-C Certification?
The FNP-C evaluates test-takers on medical care for children, families, adults, and older adults. The exam covers pathophysiology, pharmacology, physical assessment, and evidence-based practice. It also includes additional content on prenatal and newborn care.
What Is FNP-BC Certification?
The FNP-BC is a certification offered to FNPs that focuses on medical care across the lifespan but includes additional content for FNPs interested in non-clinical roles. The exam covers pathophysiology, pharmacology, physical assessment, evidence-based practice, business management, and nursing leadership.
FNP-C vs. FNP-BC Certification
Generally speaking, the FNP-C credential is best for FNPs who plan to work primarily at the bedside, as it tends to be less expensive and more thorough in its clinical knowledge assessment.
The FNP-BC exam is slightly longer (150 vs. 135 questions) and more costly than its FNP-C counterpart. Experts recommend this credential for FNPs who plan to work in academia or nurse leadership instead of, or in addition to, clinical care.
The following section clarifies exam competencies, eligibility requirements, costs, and more for FNP-BC and FNP-C certifications.
Choosing Between FNP-C and FNP-BC Certification
Employers find merit in both certifications as long as an FNP is licensed, certified, and in good standing. The primary point from an employment standpoint is that you are certified.
Still, there are differences between them. When choosing an FNP-BC or FNP-C certification, there are a few differences to consider.
FNPs with either certification can treat patients, but the FNP-C credential includes more clinical information and is often favored by those seeking to practice direct patient care as clinicians.
The FNP-C certification also includes key issues such as diversity and cultural competence, polypharmacy, communication, integrative therapies, and functional assessment.
The FNP-BC certification may appeal to FNPs who are more likely to pursue opportunities in academia or leadership, though they will also be prepared for direct patient care. According to Payscale data from July 2025, the average annual salary for FNPs is $107,373. Nursing instructors took home an annual average salary of $70,658, while nursing professors earned $69,797.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), NPs can expect 46% job growth nationwide between 2023-2033 — many times greater than the national average.
Frequently Asked Questions
The designation FNP-C means “certified family nurse practitioner.” The American Association of Nurse Practitioners Certification Board (AANPCB) offers this credential.
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